A Look at Stem Cell Research Essay - 1424 Words

A Look at Stem Cell Research Research in the development of stem cells has become increasingly popular over the past decade. The fascination in the study of stem cells by scientists comes from the mystery of what the essential properties are and how cells differ. With the discovery of determining how stem cells are self renewing and identifying what causes stem cells to become specialized leads to the ability to create more cell-based remedies as well as preventing birth defects, more precise screening for new drugs and cloning of organs and tissues. Stem cells are unspecialized cells that renew themselves for long periods through cell division. They can also become specialized functional cells such as beating cells for heart†¦show more content†¦The embryonic stem cells derive from the embryo and come from eggs that have been fertilized in vitro. The embryonic stem cells come from the fertilized embryo after it is less than a week old. Growing the stem-cells in the laboratory is called cell cultu re. The cell culture that scientists work with is the first step in testing the cells with many types of chemicals which would create a much speedier form of testing new forms of drugs for medical purposes. The embryonic stem cells also offer a lot of insight into the research of the early stages of human development which could potentially lead to the study and discovery of possibly preventing abnormal human development, birth defects, and infertility. Embryonic stem cells will help to grow human tissue of all kinds that will open new doors for possible medical tissue transplants for diseases such as Parkinson’s, diabetes and helping to replace defective cells with healthy ones. The second form of stem cell known as adult stem cells or somatic stem cells are the undifferentiated cells in tissues and organs that can renew, repair and maintain the tissue. These are the stem cells that could be used to create new organs and therapies for many diseases. Some of the tests on stem cells are growing newShow MoreRelatedWe Should Look Into Gene Editing And Stem Cell Research1239 Words   |  5 PagesAs humans move into the modern age, new thoughts and ideas are being produced into action. One particular controversial idea is the editing of genes and stem cell research on human embryos. Many scientists have decided that it is completely unethical to even approach the subject of it, but there are a few scientists who have decided that they want to work on this. The government has decided that it is unethical and therefore has cut all funding to labs, but there are some wealthy people who haveRead MoreStem Cell Essay1310 Words   |  6 Pagesthought of the political history of undifferentiated organism look into. There has been a relentless pattern of researchers progressively taking in the privileged insights of stem cells and having the capacity to apply their new learning to either look into potential medications or really convey powerful medicines to people. In 2001, Bush issued an official request that put huge limitations on government financing for undeveloped cell look into; and in 2009, Obama canceled this request with his veryRead MoreRights Based Ethics And Stem Cell Research878 Words   |  4 Pages Rights Based Ethics and Stem Cell Research When talking about ethics, we have theoretical ethics and applied ethics. Those these two are different they, are also connected. Theoretical ethics can be defined as the theoretical study of the main concepts and methods of ethics(Ward). This is, basically, studying the ethical language, the concepts, beliefs, and the reasoning of certain ethical theories. Applied ethics are defined as the application and evaluation of the principles that guideRead MoreResearch On Stem Cell Research Essay1708 Words   |  7 Pages Stem Cell Research James A Merritt PIMA Medical institute Embryonic stem cell research is a controversial topic. In the religious aspect its man trying to play the authority of GOD on whether people should live, die or suffer from ailments and injuries. On a scientific and medical aspect it is compassionate people lookingRead MoreThe Controversial Topic Of Stem Cell Research Essay1414 Words   |  6 PagesStem Cell Research is still the most controversial topic in science today. The idea behind the experiment involves the development, use, and destruction of human embryos. The research method mainly focuses on embryonic stem cells, which involves taking tissue from an aborted embryo to get a better look at the cell and obtain information for the fundamental properties of the cells. Embryonic stem cells play a major role in the research because the cell provides information for cell development toRead MoreThe Debate Over Stem Cell Research1196 Words   |  5 Pagescontroversy over the topic of stem cell research. It seems to be that the main controversy when it comes to the topic of stem cell research is an ethical debate, and because of this it seems that the side opposing stem cell research always wins due to their use of pathos when it comes to their argument. I personally do not side with those against the idea of stem cell research because I believe that the pros outweigh the cons when you break it down this way. Stem cell research could be the gateway to findingRead MoreEssay Stem Cell Research1263 Words   |  6 PagesStem cell research. Simple words that to some mean a lot more than a new potential scientific field. It is simply the creation or repair of another life form from an earlier form. Stem cells have the chance to change all that we know in the medical field as well as the potential to heal old wounds and heal damaged organs. This point causes much debate and anger of those opposed to stem cell research but they ultimately look at the process and not the form or result of it. Stem cell research hasRead More Politics and Stem Cell Research Essay examples850 Words   |  4 PagesPolitics and Stem Cell Research The President’s Council on Bioethics published â€Å"Monitoring Stem Cell Research† in 2004. This report was written in response to President Bush’s comments regarding research of human stem cells on August 9, 2001. President Bush announced that he was going to make federal funding available for research that involved existing lines of stem cells that came from embryos. He is the first president to provide any type of financial support for the research of human stem cellsRead MoreStem Cell Type Is Best?1264 Words   |  6 PagesTopic: Stem research, which stem cell type is best? Umbilical cord stem cells or embryonic stem cells. General Purpose: To inform Specific Purpose: To inform the audience of the advantages and disadvantage of using embryonic and umbilical cord stem cells in research. Central Ideal: While medical researchers believe that the use of embryonic stem cells is their best option in research, others believe it to be unethical and immoral, and that umbilical stem cells are a good alternative to embryonicRead MoreStem Cell Research in America: A Perfect Storm of Ideology, Politics, Science, and Religion1818 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Stem Cell Research in America: A Perfect Storm of Ideology, Politics, Science, and Religion By: Me March 30, 2012 Abstract This paper discusses the recent history of stem cell research in the United States, tracking the controversies, politics, and promise of new technology that comes with a moral price. Starting in August of 2001, with President Bushs request that Stem Cell Research not be paid for with federal funding, the battle of science against religion began. (Rosenburg, 2001) Despite

Arthur Miller Essay - 1170 Words

Arthur Miller Arthur Miller, in his plays, deals with the injustice of societys moral values and the characters who are vulnerable to its cruelty. A good majority of these plays were very successful and earned numerous awards. According to Brooks Atkinson, a critic for the New York Times, Millers play Death of a Salesman was successful because the play is so simple in style and so inevitable in theme that it scarcely seems like a thing that has been written and acted. For Mr. Miller has looked with compassion into the hearts of some ordinary Americans and quietly transferred their hopes and anguish to the theater (Babusci 1261). This play, in 1949, received the Pulitzer Prize, the New York Drama Critics Circle Award, the†¦show more content†¦He is one of societys victims, one of those who landed in the ash can. As Miller explains it, society chews up Willy because he has broken the law which says a failure in society and in business has no right to live (Bloom, Modern Critic al Interpretations: Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman 96). In Howard’s office Willy recalls the memory of whom he considered a great salesman, Dave Singleman. He was well liked and popular with his buyers, even to his death. Hundreds of salesman and buyers were at his funeral. Willy wanted to be just like this man, but...all the buyers he once knew are dead, and all the new age buyers care about is getting a deal over and done with. There’s no personality in it anymore. He can’t pay his insurance... In brief glimses, Willy recognizes that he is a victim. After he is fired, he complains to Charley, After all the highways and the trains, and the appointments, and the years, you end up worth more dead than alive (Bloom, Modern Critical Interpretations: Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman 96). And his boss doesnt even care. During the scene in his office he is preoccupied with his new toy a wire recorder. As Willys life falls apart,Show MoreRelatedThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1145 Words   |  5 PagesUnbalance Through The Centuries In Arthur Miller’s play, The Crucible, the author reflects the persecution of communists in America in the 1950’s through a recount of the Salem witch trials. It is often presumed that Miller based his drama directly off of events that were particularly prevalent in the years surrounding the publication of The Crucible- which was released in the year 1953, towards the conclusion of the Korean War. Although there was not a literal witch hunt occurring during this timeRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller Essay1552 Words   |  7 Pages Honor and Faith is what is questioned in Arthur Miller â€Å"The Crucible†. The Crucible is about the Salem witch trials. Several young girls claim to be afflicted by witchcraft. The afflicted girls accuse people in the town of witchcraft, often choosing victims who they or their families dislike. The main antagonist Abigail Williams with the other girl’s accusations resulted in the arrests and death of many people in the community of Salem. Arthur Miller wrote this play during the time of the RedRead MoreThe Crucible by Arthur Miller 801 Words   |  3 PagesThe performance of Arthur Millers drama, The Crucible, put on by the WolfPack Players is one that has taken a fair bit of polishing to go from an average high school show, to a great show; the director, Patrica Scarborough, can certainly attest to such a bold claim. While we were held back by petty issues such as lines, we were, as a company, able to pull it together, just in time for opening. I can honestly say, in my heart, that this show could have gone better. In no way am I marking this a shamefulRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1064 Words   |  5 PagesLucifer, Satan or his common name, the devil. From an English perspective, he is the first antagonist. In Arthur Miller’s The Crucible, the Devil is the main cause of conflict. He is the root of Evil. Now the reaction to devilish behavior varies from person to person, possibly even society to society. The Puritan society combats evil doing with actions that could be considered worse than the Devil s worst of deeds. This is demonstrated by Reverend Hale, whose importance starts initially as a figureheadRead MoreThe Crucible by Arthur Miller Essay714 Words   |  3 Pagesâ€Å"What was the Arthur purpose for writing The Crucible†? Well let’s start of by saying Arthur Miller was a extremely American play writing. Miller born in 1915, but where was his childhood? He grew up in New York with a Jewish family. Arthur Millers’ play went on Broadway at the Martin Beck. This occurred in the year of 1953. The play was called The Crucible. Was The Crucible even one of his best places? Well it was yet one of his best second plays. What were the events of the play of Miller had doneRead MoreArthur Miller Research Essay1102 Words   |  5 Pages2012 Arthur Miller Research Essay Arthur Miller was an American playwright who wrote plays such as â€Å"The Crucible† and â€Å"Death of a Salesman† because he thought theatre could change the world. He wrote his works based on friends, his own life, and family. People believed he was a man of integrity and a hero because of the ways he portrayed himself. He was born in 1915 in Harlem, New York and raised in a very wealthy household by his parents, Isidore and Augusta Miller. After highRead MoreArthur Miller And Elia Kazan815 Words   |  4 Pagescrazy to think how two people’s lives could be so intertwined. Arthur Miller and Elia Kazan, two completely different people with clashing personalities and morals, have one of the most complicated relationships in Hollywood history. With the same childhood, the same love interest, and same event that would make or break their career, the lives of these men were more intertwined than they had ever hoped or planned to be. Before Miller and Kazan had even met, their childhood proved to be somewhatRead MoreArthur Miller: The Family Man1129 Words   |  5 Pagesthe right choices, and a need to provide for them. Arthur Miller a father of three children himself, has this deeply rooted into his mind and within his literary works. (Abbotson) Arthur Asher Miller a man of many very high esteemed novels was born in New York City on October 17, 1915. (Hadomi) A man who saw all the harshness of the Great Depression, and had many jobs including a clerk, and a delivery boy for a bakery before school. Arthur Miller began writing in 1934 while he attended MichiganRead MoreDeath of Salesman by Arthur Miller972 Words   |  4 PagesDeath of a Salesman by the playwright Arthur Miller, the use of names is significant to the characters themselves. Many playwrights and authors use names in their works to make a connection between the reader and the main idea of their work. Arthur Miller uses names in this play extraordinarily. Not only does Miller use the names to get readers to correlate them with the main idea of the play, but he also uses names to provide some irony to the play. Miller uses the meanings of some of the namesRead MoreDeath Of A Salesman By Arthur Miller1517 Words   |  7 PagesArthur Miller’s play titled â €Å"Death of a Salesman† offers a plethora of morals pertaining to the human condition. One moral, shown in Aesop’s fable â€Å"The Peacock and Juno†, pertains to that one should be content with that of which they are given, for one cannot be the best at everything. In Death of a Salesman there is, without a doubt, a paucity of content and happiness within the Loman family. But what does it mean to truly be content? Aesop’s fable â€Å"The Peacock and Juno†, as the name suggests,

Guy de Maupassant’s “The Necklace” Free Essays

This story is not only extremely ironic but it also has so much depth and symbolism involved. â€Å"The Necklace† begins by focusing on a woman that has no ability to accept her situation. She is overly materialistic to a point that is almost annoying. We will write a custom essay sample on Guy de Maupassant’s â€Å"The Necklace† or any similar topic only for you Order Now â€Å"She suffered constantly, feeling herself destined for all delicacies and luxuries†. At first she even seems like a spoiled women who is downright unrealistic. Guy De’ Maupassant is very clear in expressing how dissatisfied she is with her existing life, and how she believes that she is practically royalty yet unfortunately dealt the wrong hand. She was one of those pretty and charming women, born, as if by an error of destiny into a family of clerks and copyists†. At first, the opinion of her is casted in a negative light. However, it is not until reading the entire story that we realize that Mathilde Loisel is in fact just like any other woman today. By the end of the story we realize that not only the moral of her character increases but so does her strength. In the beginning of the story, Maupaussant focuses tremendously on painting a perfect picture of exactly how upset Mathilde is with her life. He also focuses on the fact that Mathilde is not content with her husband at all. The way she speaks to him comes off very distasteful and leaves a sour feeling. Yet, not until we analyze further do we realize that her husband is as just as weak a character as herself. When he brings home the invitation to the ball her reaction is heart wrenching; â€Å"She looked at him angrily and stated impatiently, what do you want me to wear to go there? † Here we see what’s important to her. Not the kind thought and invitation to the ball, but how she’s going to appear to the others there and what she’s going to wear. This, in my opinion is the first clue to how selfish this character truly initially is. Eventually we see the story unfold as we learn after her husband gives her all of his savings for a dress, she is still not satisfied and wants to borrow a diamond necklace to add to the outfit. Once at the ball, she’s able to finally even if only temporary, she is able to live in her fantasy world she’s imagined so much. She bathes in the high life while her husband falls asleep. Eventually we see him bring her back to her painful reality when he says its time to leave. But what we realize is even more painful is when Mathilde realizes the necklace is gone. Panic and chaos ensue, and her husband runs out in the middle of the night to retrace their steps. After searching all night, the necklace has vanished and Mathilde and her husband are left with no choice but to use everything they have to buy a replacement. Ironic that this necklace was of that much importance to her that she had to have it along with a dress she couldn’t even afford, and after she lived in her fantasy world for some time, she loses the necklace along with anything else they had. Because of her need for the necklace and insistence on the piece, they now have nothing. This is where we see Mathilde’s character begin to grow and gain so much strength as she is forced to become a tough woman and live the truly hard life. Now her original life doesn’t seem so bad. Then the story’s classic twist is revealed and we realize that the necklace was none other than costume jewelry and the Loisel’s pain was all in vain. Then this is where we begin to ask ourselves if it really all was done in vain in fact or if this adverse experience actually improved her character and was meant to happen for that purpose alone. And personally I believe this experience in fact totally improved her character for the good. How to cite Guy de Maupassant’s â€Å"The Necklace†, Papers

Growing Up Reflective free essay sample

I never understood adults. They drink water that burns your throat and set straws on fire and sip the air. When they get together they are always loud and they pay me less attention. Yes, I thought all adults were weird, until I met my Uncle Clinton. He liked to play the drums and he wore army pants and t-shirts with funny quotes or pictures. Uncle Clinton had a funny cartoon giggle when he laughed and love to eat all kinds of junk food. We always had fun together. We watched cartoons and played video games. He was almost as old as my mommy and I never thought that a grown up would ever understand us kids. One day my family decided to have a barbeque. At every family gathering the adults like to sit at a long rectangular, wooden table and play dominoes. My uncle liked to play too so he sat down with the adults as well. We will write a custom essay sample on Growing Up Reflective or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Then, it suddenly hit me; I knew how to play dominoes. Why couldn’t I play with the adults? This is my chance to prove that I am worthy of their loud laughs and conversation. I have the skills to act like an adult. â€Å" Let me play, I know how to play†, I bothered my mother while tugging on her shirt. â€Å" No sweetie this is for adults, go watch the smaller children†. â€Å"Uncle Clinton, you know that I know how to play please ask them if I could play†, I begged my uncle. â€Å"Hey everyone†, my uncle said confidently, â€Å"Theresa said she’s got more skills then all of us put together and if you don’t let her play you all are just scared to lose†. I felt much better. I wanted to run to my room and put on my moms red heels and princess make up, but then I would lose my chance and nothing was going to take this from me. I was having fun for a while but the adults held weird conversations. They talked about TV shows I didn’t watch, they spoke big words I haven’t learned, and other words I wouldn’t say. I played okay and my uncle was there to make sure I played good, but he knew what they were saying and I didn’t. I knew he didn’t have time to explain every line they blurted out. So I continued my playing until the game was over. I realized that no matter how hard I tried I would just have to wait until I was older. I may not act as wild as they do and drink better water then they do, but I probably won’t understand them until I am their age. Well, my birthday is in five weeks. I will be ten years old; you know the â€Å"two-digit number birthday†. I hope I will understand more on my birthday, but until then I think I will stick with my cartoons and video games.

Formal and Informal Software Development Techniques free essay sample

Compares and contrasts the use of formal methods and informal methods within the software process. This paper investigates the role of formal methods (such as Z, Object-Z, VDM, B) within the software process and compares these to less formal methods such as natural language specifications and semi-formal methods like UML/Fusion. The complexities of formal methods are weighed against the software quality benefits often achieved through their use. Overall cost-effectiveness of both methods are discussed, as well as situations where formal methods may not be required (non-critical applications, rapid prototyping). While it is clear that both formal and informal methods have their own inherent benefits and shortfalls, it seems as though formal methods are the best option if software quality and overall cost-effectiveness are to be maximized. With increased tool support and method standardization, barring personal preference, there are few reasons why a formal approach should not be implemented. Increased acceptance of formal methods would most likely lead to higher quality software due to the more complete and precise specification that mathematical notations allow. We will write a custom essay sample on Formal and Informal Software Development Techniques or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page While the initial costs experienced in the early stages of the development process may be high, these become less important as the benefits trickle their way through the software development process.

Handling International Terrorism essays

Handling International Terrorism essays The September 11th attacks marked a clear escalation in quality of international terrorism. They have comprehensively changed the way in which we think about terrorism and react to it. The terrorist attacks proved that geographical separation from the area of operations no longer safeguards homeland security. It further reinforces the widely held assumption that international terrorism is the main threat to European security. Nowadays words and concepts such as culture of fear, civilization clash, rogue states, pre-emptive war, weapons of mass distraction, willing coalition and asymmetric war have become very common, even in informal speeches and in daily discussions with friends and family. International terrorism is a very wide problem that encapsulate a different and varied aspects. The type of terrorism causing most contemporary international concern is a very complex phenomenon. Its manifestations, such as a systematic use of violence and intimidation, are as many and various as its motivations. Its peculiarity is in its capacity to reinvent itself. It does not have flags or border. It would be a big mistake if we assumed that any group with an extreme ideology must be directed by al-Qaeda, or by one of its regional offshoots. Terrorists have surprised and shocked us - in terms of who has been targeted, when, how and on what scale. Terrorists simply do not always do what others expect them to do. There is a significant capacity for terrorists to do harm, and on a very large scale, and it should never be underestimated. Commuter transport systems remain immensely vulnerable in every major city in the world (i.e. the nerve agent Sarin, used in Tokyo underground attack); highly destructive conventional bombs can be made using the cheapest and most freely available mat ...

Application Essay Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Application Essay - Personal Statement Example They were my source of encouragement and inspiration. I heeded to their advice and took my education seriously. I did excel in everything and this could at times caused envy among my peers. Some would even call me the teacher’s pet. Afterwards, I joined High School which was also a Diocese boarding school. This time I was really missing my parents at home but my father kept on promising me for good performance. Those promises motivated me so much that I had to forget missing home. My favorite discipline was business studies. I even dreamt of becoming a business consultant. My hard work paid off and I excelled well in my High school studies. Since my father owned a successful business, he supported me in applying for admission at various local and international universities. Fortunately, I got a letter of admission and enrolled for a BS in Management. I could now achieve my long-term goal of becoming a professional business administrator. I was very excited at this. Things were tough but through my zeal, determination together with a can do attitude made me work harder aiming at getting all the concepts. After four years of hard work, I managed to graduate with a BS in Management second class honors Upper Division in the year 2011.I was delighted and Dad and Mum being quite overwhelmed by my performance, they sent me to USA where I secured a job with a US based Aviation Company as an Account Leader in sales and I am currently working there. I will be enrolling for my MBA studies here at the United States of America to crown my Bachelors with advanced skills and knowledge from the studies. After I am through with my post-baccalaureate study, I will return to Indonesia and help my Father to expand his business activities, instill to its management high business administration skills and techniques. i will also register and open a business consultation company, that will provide the

The similarities and differences about buddhism between China and Research Paper

The similarities and differences about buddhism between China and Japan - Research Paper Example idual choice for a particular religion is not one unique aspect as there are several influences that make one follow the belief of their ancestors by default. It is only when one is mature enough to think and ponder upon the teachings that he either becomes more devout in his beliefs or seeks new religions to satisfy his thirst for a solid system of principles that he deems supportive and moral. Buddhism is one of the five most followed religions of the world. The concept revolves around the attainment of a state of satisfaction or nirvana, through spiritual development, meditation and acting upon principles of morality and wisdom. The word Buddhism is composed of the word called ‘budhi’ that means enlightenment or awakening. This signifies the origin of Buddhism as the awakening of Siddhartha Gotama’s mind at the age of 35, some 2500 years back. This man is now known as Buddha and his idols are paid respects by the followers of Buddhism worldwide. The concept of a creator or a God is not included as the teachings of this religion, thus is does not revolve around strengthening the bond between the creator and the humans. On the contrary, it believes that change is inevitable and in order for a person to attain a state of spiritual satisfaction he has to act morally and follow the teachings that are designed to help him live through his lifelonguncertaint ies without being wavered. The concept of Buddhism basically starts off with the journey of Buddha and his path of enlightenment. Buddha was born in a royal family in today’s Nepal 2500 years ago. Not having seen any suffering or discomfort in his life, he lived peacefully within his family’s royal enclosure. However, once he stepped out into the real word he saw scenes that were unknown to him, that of poverty, suffering and the harsh realities of life. This incident made him set out to find a balanced way of life that was fair and neither of the two extremes of poverty and luxury. He was resting during

Hiroux's Basic Principles of Morality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Hiroux's Basic Principles of Morality - Essay Example When we evaluate the United States through the lens of Thiroux's basic principles, we find a country that is striving for moral idealism and compromising to satisfy reality. When considering the United States, it needs to be defined as a culture and society of people, religion, and laws. It is not the canyons, mountains, and buildings. The morality of the United States extends to the people, their laws, and the philosophical underpinnings of the constitution. Giving a moral standing to the inanimate objects within our borders would go beyond the traditional boundaries of the moral universe (MacNiven, 1993, p.204). When we apply Thiroux's five principles, we examine the people, the law, and the principles as they are applied to the people in our own country and around the world. When evaluating a situation or a people for its ethical nature it is critical that we have the truth. Honesty, one of the five principals, is the foundation that morality is built upon. Our major religions embody the principle in the ninth commandment of 'thou shalt not bear false witness'. It is reflected in our expectation of truth from our leaders and courtroom testimony. However, the US is inundated with false and misleading advertising, and our country goes to war based on a deception. In the US, honesty is generally valued only so long as it is in our own self-interest. In the long term, the self-interest of corporations and politicians can become the illusion of honesty (Mansbridge, 1990, p.151). While the US embraces honesty as a concept, the principal is often overrun by self-interest. A fundamental moral principle is the sanctity of life and the belief that we should celebrate life and accept death (Thiroux, 2007). The United State's Declaration of Independence expresses the similar belief when it says that one of our inalienable rights is our right to life. This moral principle is reflected in our laws that prevent assault or murder, as well as the fundamental respect for life that is practiced by our mainstream religions. Still, abortion laws, lack of child health care, and militaristic adventures call into question whether this is a guiding principle of the US or merely words to strive for. Here we see our principles overlapping and contradicting one another. Freedom of choice and a right to privacy impede the idealism of the value of life in regards to health care and abortion (Thiroux, 2007). It is also argued that military action serves to save a greater number of lives than it takes. No system of laws or government has a greater respect for individual freedom than the democracy of the United States. Once again, the principles are valid only within a well defined context. If questioned, many Americans would express the feeling of exploitation and slavery to the economic system. Personal freedom is only attainable if the freedom is in itself moral. The United States has made incremental progress towards individual freedom, though we do not have the absolute freedom to do as we please. Our morality may be at odds with someone else's value system. Henry David Thoreau (1892) said, "The progress from an absolute to a limited monarchy, from a limited monarchy to a democracy, is a progress toward a true respect for the individual" (p.151). While the United States has the ideal of a universal morality, our diversity challenges our individual freedo

Importance of Inter-professional Working in Nursing Practice

Importance of Inter-professional Working in Nursing Practice Inter-professional working is constantly promoted to professionals within the health and social care sector. Various terms such as interdisciplinary, multidisciplinary and interagency collaboration working have been used to promote professionals to work together with the patient, carers, relations, services and other professionals (SCIE, 2009). This Paper will explore the importance of inter-professional working in nursing practice, due to nurses supporting and treating a variety of patients. This paper will discuss the general importance of inter-professionalism as part of good nursing practice, it will use examples of adult stroke patients and children who have cerebral palsy. These two conditions have been chosen because they allow the paper to explore two different age groups and the needs of patients who tend to have complex social and healthcare needs. There is also a wealth of literature available on these conditions which helps highlight the need for nurses to work effectivel y with other health and social care professionals, service providers and carers. Patients initially tend to see nurses either alone on arrival at accident and emergency departments, or in conjunction with a medical practitioner. Therefore, the duration of time that a nurse spends with a patient tends to be longer than most other health/medical professionals (Godfrey, 2012). Ward nurses who work on hospital wards, provide care and support to admitted patients throughout their whole stay. This length of time spent with the patients allow them to be familiar with the patient, hence allowing them to recognise changes in a patients health and also to identify any new needs. Often, patients need to see more than one health/medical professional in their stay at the hospital, due to their health needs. Despite these professionals possessing specialist skills to support or treat specific health concerns that the patient may have, often the health recommendations that are given to the patient need to be performed routinely even when the patient is not in the presence of th is specialist. Therefore, allied health professionals tend to advise, seek the support of, or hand specific recommendations over to nurses. This is often seen between nurses and physiotherapists in mobility recommendations, this is because nurses often have to mobilise a patient out of hours as recommended by the physiotherapist (Godfrey, 2012). This avoids the patient having to wait for a physiotherapist on weekends, or to become frustrated due to being in one position for long periods of time and it also supports the overall hospital service aim of better patient outcomes. Similarly patients with complex physical issues, minimal mobility or neurological complications, such as stroke patients, need to be regularly moved to avoid pressure ulcers developing. In addition to this, regaining mobility gradually is often part of a patients stroke rehabilitation programme. Clear guidelines and training are given, as recommended by NICE, to nurses to perform safe moving and handling techniques on patients. These guidelines advise 2-3 trained professionals to move a patient who is bed bound, depending on the patients movement ability and weight (Jacob et al, 2007). If this is a stroke patient this needs to be done on recommendation of a physiotherapist (RCP, 2012). Therefore, it is important for nurses to communicate effectively with other health and social care professionals when moving and handling a patient who may have complex needs, as nurses may need specialist recommendations by the physiotherapist, or the patient may have medical equipment attached to the m which needs to be handled carefully or removed temporarily. Safe moving and handling techniques as part of a team effort not only promotes good health and social care practice, it also decreases the risk of injury to a nurse. This is particularly important as moving and handling injuries have been the most common causes of staff absence for a period of 3 days and longer between the years of 2007 and 2013 (Anderson, 2014). A key feature of hospital care is information sharing through ward rounds done by doctors and other health professionals. The aim of this is to provide patient care which can be delivered in a timely manner, but it also allows the multidisciplinary team involved with the patient to plan their future care and treatments. Nurses input via reporting to colleagues their judgement and observations on the patients current health state is not only vital for better care planning in the future, but it is also important because nurses can often voice the preferences that patients have expressed to them, hence promoting the principle of patient centred care (RCP and RCN, 2012). Furthermore, due to the direct care ward nurses give on their shift throughout the day to allocated patients, they often recognise the general deterioration of a patients health and wellbeing before other health professionals and doctors. Therefore, it is extremely important for the safety and well-being of patients for nurses to liaise with doctors regularly to manage the change of symptoms as soon as possible. Even though patient care planning is revisited and documented regularly by health and medical professionals when changes are needed for the patient, formal multidisciplinary meetings allow improved outcomes for the patient, an example of an improved outcome is when Stroke Early Discharge Support Teams can discharge patients earlier, allowing them to more likely be independent sooner in their daily tasks (Clarke, 2013). The multi-disciplinary team who has contributed to this evidence has consisted of specialist medical practitioners, various speciality therapists, dietitian, a care manager, nurses and sometimes a social worker. Nurses, due to possessing past history medical notes and the knowledge of relations who visit the patient, can usually provide the occupational therapist and the allocated social worker with information on key relations of the patient that maybe useful to contact prior to discharge. Also, nurses through conversation can gather information on the patients living situation at home. This is paramount in discharge planning for stroke patients as sometimes they are unable to communicate fully and clearly their living environment at home, as stroke can impact an individuals ability to communicate verbally and physically. Also, if patients have few or no relations living with them, they may need home care via nursing staff or telecare equipment which can support risks of injury or allow individuals to alert emergency care services via sensory equipment when they have a fall or another stroke which results them to fall. Even though occupational therapists will do assessments of the environment which the patient resides in (EKUHFT, 2015), nurses can often give the therapist insight on any issue the patient has had in their stay at the hospital, an example of this may be that the patient has difficulty lowering themselves to sit on the toilet, the occupational therapist would usually request for a grab/hand rail to be fitted in the patients home to support them to do this action. Patient care planning via inter-professional working is also fundamental to children who have been born with Cerebral Palsy. Nurses with specialist roles such as Health visitors, provide a community based service to cerebral palsy patients and their families. This differs to the role of nurses on the ward as Health visitors review the health of the patient in reference to their living environment and public health needs, hence allowing them to identify the wider health needs of the family too (Alexander, 2014).. Due to cerebral palsy being a non-curable condition the child and the family/carers of the child will regularly receive treatments and support from an extended network of health and social care professionals and also educational specialists and support staff (NHS, 2014). Therefore, health visitors need to be able to create successful inter-professional relations with professionals who are external to the health and social care industry such as educational psychologists, by un derstanding the role and service that the professional is providing to the patient. It is also vital to understand roles due to the referral systems we have in the United Kingdom, both within hospital and community care. Furthermore, policies can differ between the local authority, the NHS and private healthcare providers and the child and his/her family may have chosen to have a specific care package which the health visitor may not be aware of (Know your rights, 2015; NHS, 2013). Also, Health visitors often need to liaise with professionals who are not employed by the NHS or another private healthcare provider but by a local authority instead. This can mean the caseload is allocated differently, waiting times may differ and methods of referral may differ too. Therefore, to ensure that the patients transition is efficient and positive from immediate hospital care to accessing community based services, nurses need to be aware of the basic structure and logistics of other services. This awareness needs to be raised more specifically in the working environment for younger student nurses or graduate nurses who may not know the difference between certain professional roles, as despite accredited nursing programmes having modules or lessons in multidisciplinary practice covering the importance of knowing the roles of other health and social care professionals, sometimes there is confusion between specialists who support patients or service users with the same condition(s). A classic misunderstanding is a student nurse struggling to understand the difference between a mental health social worker and a mental health nurse, who can both work for community based teams and may be employed by the local authority (The Masked AMHP, 2012). The administration of medication is another role that nurses carry out in health and social care settings. The administration or preparation of medication is usually done by using the skills learnt from their training, instructions from the pharmacist or manufacturer guidelines. However, human error in the administration or preparation or omission of the medication can put the patient at risk of poor health or even death (NICE, 2014). Hospital pharmacists and dispensing staff function in a fast paced environment, hence processing prescriptions for medications that are needed for patients on the ward who vary in conditions. Some medications are needed urgently and human error can occur on the behalf of pharmacist or dispensing staff. Despite pharmacy staff recording clinical errors as part of their good clinical practise, nurses also need to be aware of these errors for the patients safety and awareness also needs to be raised to other nursing colleagues of the issue because the patie nts health may need to be checked regularly. . Furthermore, as doctors complete prescriptions for the request of medications, nursing staff only follow the patients drug chart in administrating the medication, hence it is vital for the nurse to understand what the doctor is prescribing the medication for (UHS, 2015). This is important to know as the nurse may observe patient changes after the patient has had the medication, which need to be recorded. To avoid error and to justify their clinical actions in medical administration of drugs, nurses need to be able to follow the advice and instructions of both the doctor and pharmacist, therefore effective and open communication allows questions to be asked and concerns to be raised, hence creating a strong working relationship. This protects not only the patient but it also improves working relationships between medical and nursing staff. Also, nursing staff and doctors caring and treating patients with cerebral palsy have to work using a comprehensive rehabilitation approach, which includes working alongside physiatrists who manage anti-spasticity medication and review medical complications associated with cerebral palsy. Hence, nursing staff need to have a broad understanding of the specialisms of the medical practitioners that they are liaising with, as often nursing staff liaise with several different specialists. To conclude, inter-professional working is clearly important for all health and social care staff, however it is extremely important for nursing staff because their varied role requires them to liaise with different professionals, settings and patients. Also, as nurses can now undertake CPD to specialise in areas such as such as stroke, diabetes, palliative care and disability, their role has changed from providing traditional nursing through practical care to now being able to provide specialist advice to the patient and relations on the management of the condition. (Niece McEwen, 2015). For nurses to be successful in their specialist roles they need to create positive working relationships with other health/medical staff, non-clinical professionals, carers/families and most importantly the patient. Furthermore, due to the demand of nurses in non-clinical settings such as homes and schools, for nurses to practice effectively they need to be able to understand the roles of professio nals practicing in community settings as often these professionals can provide the nurse with how the patient functions in their daily life. Due to ward nurses providing care throughout their shift, usually to the same patients, the greater length of time with the patient allows them to have a better insight to the patient and their health whilst in care of that ward. This allows them to feed back to fellow nurses and other health/medical professionals any changes that need to be made to the patients care plans. It seems not only is patient care improved by inter-professional working but also the skills and knowledge of nursing staff is also developed by learning from other professionals, it is likely that in the future, guidelines will further advise nurses to work more inter-professionally with other professionals. Bibliography Alexander, C. (2014) Growing into the role. Nursing Standard. 28 (20). p. 63. Anderson, M.P, Carlisle, S, Thomson, C, Ross, C, Reid, H.J, Hart, N.D, Clarkle, A. (2014) Safe moving and handling of patients: an interprofessional approach. Nursing Standard. 28 (46). p. 37-41. Clarke, D.J. (2013) The role of multidisciplinary team care in stroke rehabilitation. Progress in Neurology and Psychiatry. 17 (4). p. 5-8. East Kent Hospitals University. (2015) The Stroke multidisciplinary team. [Online] Available from:Â  http://www.ekhuft.nhs.uk/patients-and-visitors/services/elderly-services/stroke-services/stroke-care/the-stroke-multidisciplinary-team Godfrey, K. (2012) Is interdisciplinary the new multidisciplinary? [Online] Available from:Â  http://www.nursingtimes.net/opinion/nt-blog/is-interdisciplinary-the-new-multidisciplinary/5052155.blog Jacob, A, Rekha, R, Tarachand, J.S. (2007) Clinical Nursing Procedures: The Art of Nursing Practice. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers Limited: New Delhi. Know your rights. (2015) 02. Your right to Health and Social Care. [Online] Available from:Â  http://www.know-your-rights.org.uk/02.html National Health Service. (2013) Who Pays? Determining responsibility for payments to providers. [Online] Available from:Â  https://www.england.nhs.uk/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/who-pays.pdf National Health Service. (2014) Cerebral palsy – treatment. [Online] Available from:Â  http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Cerebral-palsy/Pages/Treatment.aspx National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. (2014) Safe staffing for nursing in adult inpatient wards in acute hospitals. [Online] Available from:Â  https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/sg1/chapter/9-safe-nursing-indicators#safe-nursing-indicator-medication-administration-errors Nies, M.A, McEwen, M. (2015) Community/Public Health nursing: Promoting the Health of Populations. Elsevier Saunders: Missouri. Royal College of Physicians and Royal College of Nursing. (2012) Ward Rounds in medicine: principles for best practice. [Online] Available from:Â  https://www.rcn.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0007/479329/004342.pdf Royal College of Physicians. (2012) National Clinical guideline for stroke. [Online] Available from:Â  https://www.rcplondon.ac.uk/sites/default/files/national-clinical-guidelines-for-stroke-fourth-edition.pdf/ Social Care Institute for Excellence. (2009) Interprofessional and inter-agency collobration. [Online] Available from:Â  http://www.communitycare.co.uk/2009/08/03/interprofessional-and-inter-agency-collaboration/ The Masked, AMHP. (2012) Maintaining identity as a social worker in a multidisciplinary team. [Online] Available from:Â  http://www.theguardian.com/social-care-network/social-life-blog/2012/jul/20/social-work-in-multidisciplinary-teams University Hospital Southampton. (2015) Section 1 – Prescription Writing. [Online] Available from:Â  http://www.uhs.nhs.uk/Media/suhtideal/Doctors/SaferPrescribingWorkbook/Section1-Prescriptionwriting.pdf

Guys And Girls :: essays research papers

WELL here's a few reasons why guys like girls 1. They will always smell good even if its just shampoo 2. The way their heads always find the right spot on our shoulder 3. How cute they look when they sleep 4. the ease in which they fit into our arms 5. the way they kiss you and all of a sudden everything is right in the world 6. How cute they are when they eat 7. The way they take hours to get dressed but in the end makes it all worth while 8. because they are always warm even when its minus 30 out side 9. the way they look good no matter what they wear 10. the way they fish for compliments even though you both know that you think she's the most beautiful thing on this earth 11. How cute they are when they argue 12. the way her hand always finds yours 13. the way they smile 14. the way you feel when you see their name on the call ID after you just had a big fight 15. The way she says "lets not fight anymore" even though you know that an hour later you will be arguing about something 16. the way they kiss when you do something nice for them 17. The way they kiss you when you say "I love you' 18. Actually ... just the way they kiss you... 19. the way they fall into your arms when they cry 20. then the way they apologize for crying over something that silly 21. The way they hit you and expect it to hurt 22. Then the way apologize when it does hurt . (even though we don't admit it)! 23. the way they say "I miss you" 24. the way you miss them 25. the way their tears make you want to change the world so that it doesn't hurt her anymore.....Yet regardless if you love them, hate them, wish they would die or know that you would die without them ... it matters not. Because once in your life,

Walmart Facts Sheet Business Research Buss4 Aqa

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The Poisoning of Our Ozone essays

The Poisoning of Our Ozone essays The poisoning of the Earths ozone layer is increasingly attracting worldwide concern for the global environment and the health effects of life on the Planet Earth. There is not just one particular cause for the ozones depletion; the accumulation of different pollutants into our ozone layer has all added up and equaled a worldwide problem. There is not just one effect from the poisoning of the ozone, but instead multiple ramifications from diseases to death. The damage to the ozone is increasing with every second; moreover, there are many ways we can help reduce the problem Ozone is a pale blue gaseous form of oxygen, in chemical form it is also known as O3. Ozone can be beneficial or harmful depending on its location in the Earths atmosphere. If the ozone is located in the troposphere (which extends from the surface of the Earth up to approxiametly10 miles) it is a harmful pollutant and a major component in smog and other environmental health problems. Such tropospheric ozone can damage plastic, rubber, plant and animal tissue. Ozone located approximately 10-25 miles above the Earths surface, in a part of the Earths atmosphere called the stratosphere is very beneficial. The ozone is a major factor that makes life possible on Earth. About 90% of the planets ozone is in the ozone layer. Ozone in this layer shields and filters out the Earth from 95-99 percent the suns ultraviolet radiation. A low level of ozone does not protect or prevent the ultraviolet rays from reaching the surface of the Earth, therefore, overexposing life on Earth causing many diseases. The depletion of the ozone is caused by many factors, but the one cause that will be elaborated on in the next paragraph is the main reason our ozone is continuously being poisoned. The major cause in the depletion of the Earths ozone layer is because of the release of chlorof...

Sweden Politics

Sweden Politics The first words of Sweden's constitution, the Grundleg, state that all public power in Sweden comes from its people. This is very obviously saying that Sweden is a democratic nation. This democracy is based on parliamentarism, meaning that confidence and support from the parliament, the Riksdag, are required for making all major decisions. If the cabinet (sometimes called simply the Government) does not receive support from a majority in the Riksdag then it may be forced to resign before its term has expired. This parliamentary system has been unicameral since 1970 and contains 349 members. These members are elected every four years. These three details (Grundleg, Riksdag, and the democratic system) are the basis of Sweden's political system. Nearly all of its politics can be traced back to these basic principles.The Grundleg is split into four different laws. They are called the Instrument of Government (Regeringsformen), the Act of Succession (Successionsordningen), the Freedom of the Press Act (Tryckfrihetsforordningen), and the Fundamental Law on Freedom of Expression (Yttrandefrihetsgrundlagen).A commemorative coin of the 150th anniversary of t...These laws serve as a basis for how Sweden is ruled. They also serve to protect the citizens' freedoms and rights and were revised from their original rendition in 1975 in order to keep up with changed issues.The Instrument of Government contains much valuable information. As I have stated it starts with the statement, "All public power in Sweden proceeds from the people." Another statement in the Instrument of Government is, "The king or queen who occupies the throne of Sweden in accordance with the Act of Succession shall be the head of state." This tells us that Sweden is still technically a monarchy and the king is the Kreifels 2 head of state but he no longer holds any authority in the governing of the state. His task...

Beowulf, Themes and Symbols Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Beowulf, Themes and Symbols - Term Paper Example evil through the battle between Grendel and Beowulf, finally the hero was able to defeat him and establish goodness through which, according to the Christian belief, redemption is possible. The human beings are always under the threat evil forces. They are desirous to the flourished and peaceful lives of human beings. This is what happens in the kingdom of Shield Sheafson. The Heorot built by the king is a symbol of the wealth and harmonious life of the people belong to that country. The beginning of the story is from the threats of Grendel who lives in the nearby swamplands of Hrothgars kingdom. The influence of such satanic forces is to be won over by power and strength. After many years of suffering, Beowulf came to know about the plight of Hrothgar. He sails to Denmark with a company of men to fight against the monster. This action is also to express his gratitude towards the king for a favor his father received earlier. Heroic code of that tome demands strength, courage, and loy alty in warriors. The king is expected to have political skills, hospitality, generosity etc. The king and the hero are struggling to establish their own identity. The common belief that honor is gained though deeds is enforced throughout the story. Beowulf is treated highly by the king before his heroic action. That illustrates the expectation of the king and his disciples. The king waits for the daring moments of victory over the monster. Beowulf succeeds there. But obstacle is coming on the way. As a hero Beowulf has to encounter another devilish creature who is the mother of Grendel. The interference of evil forces is a constant process in human life. As a hero, not only in action but also in thoughts, he never hesitates to do such dangerous events. The transition that takes place in the life of Beowulf is to be taken in. When he returns his own country, he elucidates his heroic deeds to the king. Beowulf then hands over most of his treasure to Hygelac, who, in turn, rewards him . Later he was adorned as the king of place. The warrior and the king have great difference. Thus Beowulf matures from a valiant fighter. He carries a diverse set of values for each of his roles. These dissimilarities can be observed more when we compare Beowulf and King Hrothgar. When the young Beowulf, long for personal credit, the old Hrothgar seeks the protection of his disciples. These are the expectations of the society. The role of a person is defined by the society. Thus Beowulf as a king is highlighted more than Beowulf as a ‘hero’ in this poem. We should think that the Beowulf-poet has fused different moral systems, pagan and Christian morals simultaneously and thus the poem is a vehicle of Christian morals. According to Thomas D Hill the Beowulf- poet is a ‘Germanic humanist’ a precursor to the renaissance humanist who would reconcile their Christian mores with the great pagan minds that had come before them. The violence represents one of the po et’s most immediate challenges to settle his Christian faith and pagan history. The belief in forgiveness and mercy which are traits of Christianity is reciprocated with vengeance and battle in pagan belief. Thus in the two battles –first with Grendel and the second with Grendel’s mother Beowulf tries to protect his people. This theme of Christian virtue provides enough symbolism to convey the Christian moral. When handling with the theme of violence, according to

Religious or Spiritual Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Religious or Spiritual - Essay Example Situation with spirituality is quite similar – all the people are in some sense spiritual because it is in human nature to ask oneself about why one exists, for instance. However, spirituality can be external and internal. These are rather different concepts. The roots of external spirituality are in rationalism, while those of internal one are in consciousness. All the people are spiritual internally – again, it is in human nature. At the same time, not everyone can understand and feel it. A common mistake of people is that they seek happiness and communion with God somewhere outside. They try to achieve harmony by means of performing certain actions that they believe are required for achieving inner peace. Such actions may include reading holy books, attending church or praying, among others. However, such actions may not fill the internal emptiness; they are just external manifestations of religion, which cannot replace understanding and fulfilling own spiritual needs.